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<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span style="color: black;">Validit&eacute; d&rsquo;un accord collectif&nbsp;et validit&eacute; des mandats&nbsp;des d&eacute;l&eacute;gu&eacute;s syndicaux signataires : la vigilance est de mise &agrave; la suite de nouvelles &eacute;lections professionnelles</span></span></strong></p>
<p><span style="color: black;"> Comme vous le savez, la validit&eacute; d&rsquo;un accord collectif est subordonn&eacute;e &agrave; sa signature par un ou plusieurs syndicats de salari&eacute;s repr&eacute;sentatifs ayant recueilli au moins 30% des suffrages exprim&eacute;s au premier tour des derni&egrave;res &eacute;lections des titulaires au comit&eacute; d'entreprise (ou &agrave; d&eacute;faut des d&eacute;l&eacute;gu&eacute;s du personnel) et &agrave; l&rsquo;absence d&rsquo;opposition d&rsquo;un ou plusieurs syndicats de salari&eacute;s repr&eacute;sentatifs ayant recueilli plus de 50% des suffrages exprim&eacute;s lors de ces &eacute;lections.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">En application de l&rsquo;article L.2143-11 du Code du Travail,&nbsp; tel que modifi&eacute; par la loi du 5 mars 2014, le mandat de d&eacute;l&eacute;gu&eacute; syndical prend automatiquement fin lors du renouvellement des institutions repr&eacute;sentatives dans l&rsquo;entreprise.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">Cette modification l&eacute;gislative avait pour objectif de donner un fondement l&eacute;gal &agrave; la position de la Chambre Sociale de la Cour de Cassation qui avait consid&eacute;r&eacute; qu&rsquo;en l&rsquo;absence de nouvelle d&eacute;signation en bonne et due forme, tout int&eacute;ress&eacute; peut faire constater l&rsquo;expiration du mandat du DS sans que puisse lui &ecirc;tre oppos&eacute; le d&eacute;lai de forclusion de 15 jours pr&eacute;vu par l&rsquo;article R.2324-24 du Code du Travail pour contester une d&eacute;signation syndicale (Cass. Soc. 18 septembre 2001 n&deg;10-20.515).</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">Dans un arr&ecirc;t du 30 septembre 2014 (n&deg;14VE02163, 14VEO2167), la Cour Administrative d&rsquo;Appel (CAA) de Versailles a, dans le prolongement de ces &eacute;volutions, annul&eacute; la d&eacute;cision de validation d&rsquo;un accord collectif pour un motif&nbsp;tenant &agrave; la capacit&eacute; des d&eacute;l&eacute;gu&eacute;s syndicaux &agrave; engager leur organisation lorsque ceux-ci n&rsquo;ont pas &eacute;t&eacute; formellement red&eacute;sign&eacute;s cons&eacute;cutivement aux derni&egrave;res &eacute;lections professionnelles.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">Nous savons que dans bon nombre d&rsquo;entreprises, il y a des d&eacute;l&eacute;gu&eacute;s syndicaux qui sont pr&eacute;sents depuis des ann&eacute;es. Il n&rsquo;est d&egrave;s lors parfois pas demand&eacute; formellement une nouvelle d&eacute;signation &agrave; la suite des derni&egrave;res &eacute;lections professionnelles.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">Or, la position ainsi d&eacute;gag&eacute;e par la CAA de Versailles appelle &agrave; la plus grande prudence.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">Dans cette affaire, c&rsquo;est un plan de sauvegarde de l'emploi qui avait &eacute;t&eacute; n&eacute;goci&eacute; et sign&eacute; par deux organisations syndicales (CFDT et CFTC), qui remplissaient &agrave; elles deux, plus de 50% des suffrages exprim&eacute;s, conform&eacute;ment &agrave; l&rsquo;article L.1233-24-1 du Code du Travail, issu de la loi du 14 juin 2013 sur la s&eacute;curisation de l&rsquo;emploi.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">Un troisi&egrave;me syndicat a mis en cause la validit&eacute; de cet accord au motif que les deux d&eacute;l&eacute;gu&eacute;s syndicaux ayant sign&eacute; au nom de la CFTC ne disposaient pas d&rsquo;un mandat valide, dans la mesure o&ugrave; cette organisation syndicale n&rsquo;avait pas red&eacute;sign&eacute; ses d&eacute;l&eacute;gu&eacute;s. Il convient de pr&eacute;ciser que des &eacute;lections professionnelles &eacute;taient intervenues peu de temps auparavant.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">La CAA de Versailles a accueilli favorablement l&rsquo;argument et a annul&eacute; la d&eacute;cision de validation de la DIRECCTE en retenant successivement : </span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; color: black;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt &amp;amp;quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp; </span></span></span><span style="color: black;">d&rsquo;une part, qu&rsquo;en l&rsquo;absence de production de nouvelles d&eacute;signations &agrave; la suite des derni&egrave;res &eacute;lections, les mandats des d&eacute;l&eacute;gu&eacute;s syndicaux CFTC doivent &ecirc;tre regard&eacute;s comme ayant expir&eacute; &agrave; la date de tenue de ces &eacute;lections. Par cons&eacute;quent, l&rsquo;accord collectif n&rsquo;a pas &eacute;t&eacute; valablement sign&eacute; par la CFTC&nbsp;;</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; color: black;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt &amp;amp;quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp; </span></span></span><span style="color: black;">d&rsquo;autre part, que l&rsquo;accord collectif portant PSE ne satisfait pas &agrave; la condition de majorit&eacute;, faute pour la CFDT signataire d&rsquo;avoir recueilli &agrave; elle seule au moins 50% des suffrages exprim&eacute;s&nbsp;;</span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent: -18.0pt; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1;"><span style="mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; color: black;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">-<span style="font: 7.0pt &amp;amp;quot;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp; </span></span></span><span style="color: black;">enfin, que la DIRECCTE n&rsquo;aurait pas d&ucirc; valider l&rsquo;accord collectif portant PSE dans la mesure o&ugrave; la condition de majorit&eacute; de l&rsquo;accord n&rsquo;a pas &eacute;t&eacute; respect&eacute;e.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">Cette position qui a pour cons&eacute;quence la remise en cause de la d&eacute;cision de validit&eacute; de la DIRECCTE dans le cadre de son pouvoir de contr&ocirc;le d&rsquo;un accord collectif portant sur un PSE et le risque de r&eacute;int&eacute;gration des salari&eacute;s licenci&eacute;s, d&eacute;montre l&rsquo;extr&ecirc;me rigueur dans dont a fait preuve la CAA dans l&rsquo;application des r&egrave;gles de validit&eacute; d&rsquo;un accord collectif.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">Il existe un risque, si cette position &eacute;tait confirm&eacute;e par le Conseil d&rsquo;Etat (dans cette affaire) ou par la Cour de Cassation (&agrave; l&rsquo;occasion d&rsquo;un autre dossier) que la validit&eacute; de&nbsp;tout type d&rsquo;accord collectif soit mise en cause, la sanction &eacute;tant alors la nullit&eacute; pure et simple de l&rsquo;accord collectif. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">Compte tenu des cons&eacute;quences attach&eacute;es &agrave; l&rsquo;annulation de tels accords, pour peu qu&rsquo;ils aient commenc&eacute; &agrave; s&rsquo;appliquer dans l&rsquo;entreprise (comme dans l&rsquo;arr&ecirc;t d&rsquo;esp&egrave;ce o&ugrave; certains salari&eacute;s avaient d&rsquo;ores et d&eacute;j&agrave; &eacute;t&eacute; licenci&eacute;s), La Garanderie &amp; Associ&eacute;s vous rappelle que vous &ecirc;tes invit&eacute;s, &agrave; la suite de chaque nouvelle &eacute;lection professionnelle, &agrave; demander syst&eacute;matiquement une nouvelle d&eacute;signation des d&eacute;l&eacute;gu&eacute;s syndicaux, afin de vous assurer de leur conformit&eacute; et &eacute;viter ainsi de mauvaises surprises aux cons&eacute;quences parfois lourdes.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">Pour celles ou ceux qui n&rsquo;auraient pas demand&eacute; formellement la d&eacute;signation de nouveaux d&eacute;l&eacute;gu&eacute;s syndicaux, il conviendrait de le demander d&egrave;s &agrave; pr&eacute;sent afin de s&eacute;curiser la conclusion des accords &agrave; venir. Pour le pass&eacute;, il pourrait &ecirc;tre utile, pour les organisations syndicales concern&eacute;es, de pr&eacute;ciser la date &agrave; compter de laquelle le mandat ainsi confirm&eacute; est r&eacute;put&eacute; produire ses effets, en esp&eacute;rant que les tribunaux se montreront cl&eacute;ments &agrave; l&rsquo;&eacute;gard de courriers de d&eacute;signation certes tardifs, mais pr&eacute;voyant une date de prise d&rsquo;effet ant&eacute;rieure...</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black;">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">St&eacute;phanie Serror &amp; Guy Alfosea</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-US;">&nbsp;</span></p>