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<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="color: black;">La preuve de l&rsquo;utilisation excessive de la messagerie &eacute;lectronique &agrave; des fins personnelles n&rsquo;est licite qu&rsquo;en cas de d&eacute;claration r&eacute;guli&egrave;re du syst&egrave;me de contr&ocirc;le &agrave; la CNIL</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black;">Dans un arr&ecirc;t du 8 octobre 2014 (n&deg;13-14.991), la Cour de cassation est venue rappeler le caract&egrave;re essentiel de la d&eacute;claration aupr&egrave;s de la Commission Nationale Informatique et Libert&eacute;s (CNIL) des syst&egrave;mes de surveillance de l&rsquo;utilisation de l&rsquo;outil informatique par les salari&eacute;s.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black;">Dans cette affaire, l&rsquo;employeur avait mis en place un dispositif de contr&ocirc;le individuel de l&rsquo;importance et des flux des messageries informatiques permettant de prendre connaissance non pas du contenu des messages mais de la date et de l&rsquo;heure d&rsquo;envoi ou de r&eacute;ception, de leur destinataire ou exp&eacute;diteur et de leur objet.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black;">Ce syst&egrave;me avait certes fait l&rsquo;objet d&rsquo;une d&eacute;claration aupr&egrave;s de la CNIL, mais celle-ci n&rsquo;avait &eacute;t&eacute; effectu&eacute;e que 2 mois et demi apr&egrave;s sa mise en place.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black;">Dans cet intervalle compris entre l&rsquo;installation du syst&egrave;me et sa d&eacute;claration &agrave; la CNIL, l&rsquo;employeur avait pu constater l&rsquo;envoi et la r&eacute;ception, par une m&ecirc;me salari&eacute;e, de pr&egrave;s de 1200 messages &eacute;lectroniques personnels via sa messagerie professionnelle.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black;">La salari&eacute;e a ensuite &eacute;t&eacute; licenci&eacute;e pour cause r&eacute;elle et s&eacute;rieuse, l&rsquo;employeur lui reprochant une utilisation excessive de la messagerie &eacute;lectronique &agrave; des fins personnelles.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black;">Alors que la Cour d&rsquo;appel d&rsquo;Amiens avait valid&eacute; le licenciement, estimant que la d&eacute;claration tardive du syst&egrave;me de surveillance aupr&egrave;s de la CNIL n&rsquo;entra&icirc;nait ni l&rsquo;illic&eacute;it&eacute; du syst&egrave;me, ni l&rsquo;illic&eacute;it&eacute; des moyens de preuve, la Cour de cassation a consid&eacute;r&eacute; que&nbsp;: </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black;">&laquo;&nbsp;<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Constituent un moyen de preuve illicite les informations collect&eacute;es par un syst&egrave;me de traitement automatis&eacute; de donn&eacute;es personnelles avant sa d&eacute;claration &agrave; la CNIL</em>.&nbsp;&raquo;</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black;">Cette illic&eacute;it&eacute; du moyen de preuve &agrave; l&rsquo;origine du licenciement conduira sans doute la Cour d&rsquo;appel de renvoi &agrave; juger le licenciement de la salari&eacute;e comme &eacute;tant d&egrave;s lors d&eacute;pourvu de cause r&eacute;elle et s&eacute;rieuse.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black;">Pour La Garanderie et Associ&eacute;s, cette d&eacute;cision est une nouvelle fois l&rsquo;occasion de rappeler le caract&egrave;re primordial des d&eacute;marches &agrave; effectuer lors de la mise en place d&rsquo;un dispositif de contr&ocirc;le des salari&eacute;s, que ce soit par vid&eacute;osurveillance, contr&ocirc;le des syst&egrave;mes </span>informatiques, g&eacute;olocalisation ou contr&ocirc;le de l&rsquo;acc&egrave;s aux locaux.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Outre la consultation pr&eacute;alable du CE, et le plus souvent aussi du CHSCT, les soci&eacute;t&eacute;s doivent &eacute;galement veiller &agrave; effectuer pr&eacute;alablement une d&eacute;claration simplifi&eacute;e (pour les dispositifs conformes &agrave; une norme,<span style="font-size: 9.0pt;"> une m&eacute;thodologie de r&eacute;f&eacute;rence, un avis ou une autorisation de la CNIL)</span> ou une d&eacute;claration normale (pour <span style="font-size: 9.0pt;">les fichier ne relevant pas d&rsquo;une proc&eacute;dure particuli&egrave;re)</span> aupr&egrave;s de la CNIL si elles veulent utiliser les donn&eacute;es collect&eacute;es.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black;">Il demeure possible d&rsquo;&eacute;chapper &agrave; ces contraintes d&eacute;claratives aupr&egrave;s de la CNIL en d&eacute;signant un Correspondant Informatique et Libert&eacute;s (CIL) qui sera alors notamment charg&eacute; de recenser dans un registre l&rsquo;ensemble des syst&egrave;mes de contr&ocirc;le mis en place.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; color: black;">Bertrand Merville &amp; Marine Geslin </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm; margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp;"><a href="mailto:cabinet@lagaranderie.fr" target="_blank">cabinet@lagaranderie.fr</a></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black;">&nbsp;</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0cm; margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp;">&nbsp;</span></p>